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Geocultura
La Ciudad de Mexico
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Mexico: Background
 1325 a.d.: Aztecs built capital city on
an island in the middle of Lake
Texcoco and called it Tenochtitlan
 When Hernán Cortés invaded in the
1500s, he cut off the water supply
from Chapultapec, leaving the Aztec
capital without water.
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Old capital to new capital
Mexico city was built on
the ruins of the Aztec
capital.
The city now sits on an
ancient dry lake bed.
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La ciudad de mexico
 Originally called Tenochtitlan, is one of
the largest cities in the world.
 It is one of the most ancient inhabited
cities in the occidental hemisphere
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Mexico City
 One of the largest metropolitan
areas in the world with over 20
million residents.
 Nearly one out of four Mexicans
call Mexico City home.
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Pico de Orizaba
 The tallest peak in Mexico
 One of Mexico’s active volcanoes
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Rio Bravo
 Called the Rio Grande in the
U.S.
 It forms more than ½ of the 1900
mile long border between Mexico
and the U.S.
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¿Sabías que…?
 Due to its location, it floods often and
parts of it are sinking by a foot a year.
 La Plaza de las Tres Culturas in Mexico
city represent the 3 groups that have
ruled the capital.
 1. Aztec ruins, 2. a Spanish colonial church,
and a 3. modern housing project can be
found.
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La Plaza de las Tres
Culturas
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El Paseo de la Reforma
Is one of the most
important and
beautiful avenues of
the city
It was inspired by
Paris’ Avenue des
Champs-Elysées
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Paris’ Avenue des
Champs-Elysées
France
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Chapultapec Park
 Bosque de
Chapultapec
 Near El Paseo
de la Reforma
 Historical
significance
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Chapultapec Park
 Chapultepec means “
Grasshopper hill” in Nahuatl,
the language of the Aztecs
 Hernán Cortés – no water
 A castle was built in the park,
that has been converted into a
museum.
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El Zocalo: city center
a.k.a. La Plaza de la
Constitución - heart of the city
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El Zocalo: city center
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Catedral Metropolitana
Initiated in 1572, it dominates el Zócalo
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El Palacio Nacional
Previously it was the residence
of Hernán Cortés, today it is the
governor’s seat of Mexico.
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Diego Rivera
He was the
renowned painter
who has several
famous murals in
El Palacio
Nacional
Married Kahlo in
1929
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"Market At Tenochtitlán",
1945
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"Disembarkation Of The
Spanish At Veracruz"
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Totonac Civilization, 1950,
El Tajin
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El Museo Nacional de
Antropología
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El Museo Nacional de
Antropología
 Exhibits archaeological
collections from all over Mexico
 One of the finest artifacts is the
mask of Teotihuacán
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National Museum of
Anthropology, Mexico City
 one of Mexico's most famous symbols.
The stone was carved in the late 1400s;
it was discovered buried beneath the
Zócalo in 1790. It was originally thought
to be a calendar, and for a brief time, a
sacrificial altar.
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Teotihuacán
 Teotihuacan, 200,000 people lived
here, the city is more than 2000 years
old !
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La Basilica de Guadalupe
 It was constructed in honor of the
Virgin of Guadalupe.
 Many people visit the Basilica each
day
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La Basilica de Guadalupe
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La fiesta de quinceañera
 It is
celebrated in
honor of a
young
woman when
she turns 15.
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Repaso
 ¿Cuándo fue fundada la Ciudad de México?
 ¿Dónde está la Plaza del a Constitución?
 ¿Cómo se llama el parque enorme que está en
la Ciudad de México?
 ¿Cuál es la población?
 ¿Cómo se llama la avendia que fue inspirada
por los Campos Eliseos de París?
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El Arte:El caballero aguila
 It is a figure that
represents an aztec
eagle warrior
 It is located in the
museum of el Templo
Mayor.
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El Arte: “La Gran
Tenochtitlan”
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El Arte: “La Gran
Tenochtitlan”
 The previous painting, by Diego
Rivera, is located on a wall in El
Palacio Nacional
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El Arte: Frida Kahlo
 1907-1954
 One of the most
famous Mexican
painters
 Many are selfportraits
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Las Celebraciones: La
Fiesta Guadalupana
 Millions of people
celebrate this on
Dec. 12
 Many believe that the
miracle of the Virgin
of Guadalupe united
the Mexican society
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Las Celebraciones: La
Feria de las Flores
 It is
celebrated
annually in
the floating
gardens
(chinampas)
of
Xochimilco.
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Feria de las Flores:
 In Spanish, it
signifies the
place of the
flowers
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Las Celebraciones: La
Independencia
 The celebrations on the eve of
the day of independence (16 de
Septiembre) of Mexico attracts
thousands of people to the city
center called “El Zócalo”
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La Historia: El angel
 The monument of Independence was
built in 1970 to celebrate 100 years of
independence from Spain (since
Dolores’ shout)
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La Historia: Moctezuma II
 Moctezuma II came
to power in 1502 and
was the Aztec
emperor when
Hernán Cortés
arrived in Tenochtitlan
in 1519. Cortés
conquered in 1521.
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La arqueología: El centro
de la ciudad
 Is built over Moctezuma’s pyramids and
palaces.
 The Spanish destroyed Aztec temples
and used the stones to build their homes
and buildings
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La arqueología: Tláloc
 Was the god of water and rain,
basic elements of the agricultural
cycle and very important to the
Aztecs (180)
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Repaso
 ¿Cuál es el otro nombre del Zócalo?
 ¿Dónde está el mural “La gran
Tenochtitlan”? ¿Quién es el pintor?
 ¿Puedes nombrar algunas fiestas
mexicanas?
 ¿Cómo se llama el dios azteca del agua
y de la lluvia?
 ¿Quién fue el conquistador de los
aztecas?
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