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Dear Students:
Lamento comunicarles que ya no tendremos clases de inglés, asi que el contenido esta en
SPANGLISH (español+inglés).
La PPT contiene los links de videos explicativos pertenecientes a Youtube, intenten verlos 
además, hay unos links de ejercicios online que les pueden servir para que aclaren sus
dudas sobre los tiempos verbales. Las repuestas están en las mismas páginas ^^
Espero que esto les sirva para aclarar sus dudas. En el caso de que aún continuaran con
alguna, pueden buscar a cualquiera de sus profesoras de Inglés para aclararlas.
Atte
Profe Carmen
Pd.- La miss mónica les entregará una guía donde deben aplicar el uso de already, since,
yet, just y for; además de el uso del simple past y present perfect.
Match the words with the correct image
1. Scientist
2. Nobel prize
3. time
4. go back
5. wheelchair
6. ALS
7. spinal cord
8. brain
9. breath
10. voice
Stephen Hawking is a world famous scientist. He
hasn’t won a Nobel Prize Yet. He has told us more
about time than anyone in the world. He has always
been interested in time and questions like ‘How did
the world start?’ and ‘Can we go back in time?’
He wrote his famous book about time in 1988 and it
has already sold more than eight million copies.
Stephen Hawking has been in a wheelchair for most
of his life because he has ALS. This means that
information that tells his arms and legs to move
does not go up his spinal cord to his brain. So his
arms and legs don’t move and breathing is a
problem. In 1985 he went to the hospital because he
couldn’t breath. Doctors helped him to breathe but
they had to take out his voice. He now speaks with
the help of an American computer. ‘The computer
have give me a voice, but it’s an American voice’,
Stephen often says, with a Smile.
Simple Past
Watch this explanatory video on youtube.
It is a video for kids, so you shouldn’t have troubles
for understanding it
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FlDT0m8LDZc
Affirmative sentence:
I played with Oddie and I won
S + v (past)+ complement
S + v (past)
En las oraciones afirmativas los verbos se usan en
pasado.
La estructura general es
Sujeto/pronombre+ verbo en pasado+ complemento
I played with Oddie and I won
Los verbos regulares, son aquellos en los que
agregamos una –ed para transformarlos en pasado
como
Played
** La regla general es que si un verbo termina en
consonante o vocal menos E, le agregamos –ed
Cleaned
Played
Worked
Watched
** Si un verbo termina en e, sólo agregamos la –d
Arrived
** Cuando un verbo regular termina en consonante vocal consonante, se repite la última consonante
Travelled
** cuando un verbo termina en vocal –y, pero la combinación es vocal consonante vocal, la –y se cambia por
-ied
Study = Studied
I played with Oddie and I won
Si ponemos especial atención a la segunda
oración, podemos ver que el verbo no tiene –ed,
eso quiere decir que es irregular.
Toda la vida se nos dice que nos aprendamos la
lista de verbos irregulares, porque nos van a servir
y etc etc. Lo cierto es que la gramática y los
verbos son lo más difícil de aprender porque
debemos usarlos, sino, ¿cómo recordaremos qué
significa cada cosa?
En este link, encontraran los verbos
irregulares con su traducción al español,
aunque en las siguientes diapositivas
incluí algunos de los verbos irregulares
más recurrentes.
http://englishtsuid1101.pbworks.com/
f/irregular+verbs+in+English.pdf
INFINITIVE
PAST
PAST PARTICIPLE
CATCH
CAUGHT
CAUGHT
Atrapar
GO
WENT
GONE
Ir
BE
WAS/WERE
BEEN
Ser o estar
FIND
FOUND
FOUND
SPEAK
SPOKE
SPOKEN
BREAK
BROKE
BROKEN
GET
GOT
GOT
PAY
PAID
PAID
FEEL
FELT
FELT
Sentir
FIGHT
FOUGHT
FOUGHT
Pelear
FALL
FELL
FALLEN
caer
Encontrar
Hablar
Quebrar/romper
Pagar
INFINITIVE
BLOW
PAST
BLEW
PAST PARTICIPLE
BLOWN
Explotar
BUY
BOUGHT
BOUGHT
Comprar
CUT
CUT
CUT
Cortar
BEGIN
BEGAN
BEGUN
Comenzar
EAT
ATE
EATEN
Comer
LEAVE
LEFT
LEFT
Dejar
WIN
WON
WON
Ganar
DO
DID
DONE
Hacer
SAY
SAID
SAID
Decir
RUN
RAN
RUN
Correr
THINK
THOUGHT
THOUGHT
Pensar
GIVE
GAVE
GIVEN
Dar
TAKE
TOOK
TAKEN
tomar
Negative sentence:
I did not play with Oddie and I did not win
S +did + not+ v (present)+ complement
S + did+ not+ V (present)
En las oraciones Negativas, empezamos a usar los
auxiliares. Los verbos van en presente, porque al
estar los auxiliares, se entiende que la oración
está en pasado, por lo tanto los verbos van en
presente.
La estructura de una oración negativa es
Sujeto/pronombre+ auxiliar did+ verbo en
presente+ complemento
Interrogative sentence:
Who did you play with?
Wh-clause+ aux+ S+ V (present)+ complement+?
Las preguntas con oraciones que se componen de
palabras como: por qué, para qué, cómo, etc … en
inglés son llamadas wh-clause.
Las wh-clause son: How, Where, What y Why.
Si aparecen, estas van primero en una pregunta
Entonces, la estructura de una pregunta en pasado es:
WH- CLAUSE + AUXILIAR+ SUJETO+ VERBO EN PRESENTE + COMPLEMENTO+ ?
*** Recuerden que el DID es el auxiliar del tiempo pasado
AGO: aunque acompaña a otra palabra, significa atrás, entonces a week ago= una semana atrás
YESTERDAY: ayer
LAST: aunque acompaña a otra palabra, significa pasado, entonces Last week = la semana pasada
A week ago
A month ago
A year ago
Yesterday
Last week
Last month
Last year
Estas expresiones pueden ir
al inicio o al final de una
oración, pero lo importante
es que si es un tiempo
definido de cosas que
hicimos en el pasado, la
oración debe ir en pasado
simple, ya que no podemos
cambiar lo que sucedió.
You can practice the simple past tense in this link
http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-exercisesimple-past.php
Present Perfect
Watch this explanatory video on youtube.
It is a video for kids, so you shouldn’t have troubles
for understanding it
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dkln8PfE1xE
I have grown one millimeter in one year
s+ have/has+ v (participle)+ complement
En el presente perfecto, SIEMPRE OCUPAMOS
HAVE/HAS antes del verbo y el verbo va en past
participle. Los verbos regulares, van en pasado
porque no cambian. En past participle y past se
escriben de la misma forma.
Los verbos irregulares, son los que cambian su forma
en past y past participle y en este tiempo, se usa el
past participle despues del have.
I
WE
YOU
THEY
HAVE
HE
SHE
IT
HAS
Los auxiliares cambian según la persona, por lo que cuando aparezca I, WE, YOU y THEY o su
equivalente en sustantivo, usamos have.
Cuando aparece HE, SHE o IT o su equivalente, se usa has, es decir:
I have eaten lunch at 12 = yo he comido a las 12
Liz has left home= liz ha dejado su casa
Mario and mariah have went to the cinema= mario y maria han ido al cine
I have not grown one millimeter in one year
s+ have/has+ not+ v (participle)+ complement
Lo unico que cambia en la oracion negativa, es
que se le agrega el not a la oracion. Podemos
escribir
Have not / haven’t
Pero el verbo sigue en pasado participio.
Este tiempo es dificil de entender porque
nosotros no lo utilizamos en el español de chile y
las oraciones que podriamos hablar en pasado
perfecto, las decimos en pasado simple; pero si
las pensáramos como yo he estado o nosotros
hemos ido, es lo mismo en inglés y en español.
Have I grown one millimeter in one year?
Aux+ S+ V(participle) + complement+ ?
En las preguntas, tal cual se explico en pasado simple, el auxiliar va primero, pero si llega a
aparecer una wh-clause, esa deberá ir antes del have/has 
Las expresiones generalmente van entre el auxiliar y el verbo principal
I have just drunk some water
I have already had lunch
Otras expresiones van al final de la oración como
I haven’t started Yet
I have been there for 3 hours
She has lived in new york since she was 4 years old
YET vs. ALREADY
(Todavía)
(ya)
Ambas expresiones se refieren a haber hecho algo.
Already se refiere a que sí hicimos algo, mientras que yet tiene una connotación de que NO hemos
hecho algo aún, aunque lo tenemos en mente y sabemos que debemos hacerlo.
Have you sent the e-mail to tom? = le mandsste el mail a tom?
No, I haven’t sent it yet. = no, aún/todavía no lo mando
Yes, I already send it = si, ya lo mande
El yet generalmente va al final de la oración, mientras que el Already va entre el verbo auxiliar Have/Has y
el verbo principal
I haven’t sent it yet
I already sent it
JUST
(Recién)
Como la traducción lo expresa, esta expresión significa que recién hicimos algo.
Esta expresión va entre el auxiliar y el verbo principal.
Are you thirsty? = ¿tienes sed?
No, I have just drunk some water = No, recién tomé agua.
FOR vs. SINCE
(Por)
(Desde)
Aunque ambas expresiones se refieren a un periodo de tiempo,
For se refiere a un periodo de tiempo determinado, mientras que Since es un tiempo indeterrminado.
I have worked in this shop for 3 years
I have worked in this shop since 2009
Algunas expresiones de tiempo que van con sice o for son:
Two months
An hour
Five years
For
Last month
Last week
2013 (year)
Since
You can practice the Present perfect tense in this link. Go to the link
that says
Present perfect positive
Present perfect negative
Present perfect questions
http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-perfectexercises.html
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
MAKING UP THE RULE!
Read the statement and circle the correct answer. Which
tense is used with the following actions?
1. Actions beginning in the past and
still continuing
a) Present perfect
b) Simple past
2. Result of an action in the past is
important in the present
a) Present perfect
b) Simple past
3. Action finished in the past
a) Present perfect
b) Simple past
Fill in the chart with the correct forms of the verbs.
Match the words with the correct image
1. Scientist
2. Nobel prize
3. time
4. go back
5. wheelchair
6. ALS
7. spinal cord
8. brain
9. breath
10. voice
Stephen Hawking is a world famous scientist. He
hasn’t won a Nobel Prize Yet. He has told us more
about time than anyone in the world. He has always
been interested in time and questions like ‘How did
the world start?’ and ‘Can we go back in time?’
He wrote his famous book about time in 1988 and it
has already sold more than eight million copies.
Stephen Hawking has been in a wheelchair for most
of his life because he has ALS. This means that
information that tells his arms and legs to move
does not go up his spinal cord to his brain. So his
arms and legs don’t move and breathing is a
problem. In 1985 he went to the hospital because he
couldn’t breath. Doctors helped him to breathe but
they had to take out his voice. He now speaks with
the help of an American computer. ‘The computer
have give me a voice, but it’s an American voice’,
Stephen often says, with a Smile.
MAKING UP THE RULE!
Read the statement and circle the correct answer. Which
tense is used with the following actions?
1. Actions beginning in the past and
still continuing
a) Present perfect
b) Simple past
2. Result of an action in the past is
important in the present
a) Present perfect
b) Simple past
3. Action finished in the past
a) Present perfect
b) Simple past
Fill in the chart with the correct forms of the verbs.
Plays
Play
Sit
teach
Buy
live
write
eat
give
have
travel
Takes
played
played
sat
taught
buy
lived
write
ate
gave
had
travelled
take
has played
have played
have sat
have taught
bought
have lived
written
has eaten
have given
have had
have travelled
taken
When did john lose his job
How long has ricardo have a cat
How long did you watched tv last night
When did Chris go out
How long has your father been in hospital
lost
Did
see
left
bought
Have
has had
Haven’t finished
started
Did
see
Have
seen
Also touched
was
was
crashed
Has
done